NEW ERA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY SOCIAL RESEARCHES

THE REALITY OF SPACEX IN THE US SPACE POLICY FROM AN ASTROPOLITICAL PERSPECTIVE

2026-02-05T16:25:50+03:00

In recent years, several nations, including China, India, Japan, and developing countries like Iran, have made significant advancements in their space research sectors. Only Russia and the United States consider themselves the foremost space powers, allocating billions annually to sustain their equipment and information dominance. However, in less than ten years, space and its mineral and energy resources seem to be the focus of massive competitions between great powers, creating new intersections between corporations and governments, and, of course, between corporations and governments. A new breed of astropolitical competitions will result from this. Consequently, geopolitical certainty on Earth and the strategic equations of the space realm can be reinterpreted. On the other hand, the United States dedicates a significant portion of its military and research budget to the United States Space Research Organization, or NASA, for this astropolitical conflict. NASA, the world’s largest space research agency, with years of experience of outer cosmos exploration and high-quality personnel, albeit 21^st century introduced private actors that nowadays actively participate in astropolitics. Therefore, this study assesses the emerging geopolitical competition that lies behind the growing international interest in space by analyzing the role of SpaceX in astropolitics, which represents a new dimension of private enterprise activity.

A CASE STUDY ON FORGOTTEN LABOR UNION PUBLICATIONS: ÇALIŞAN ADAM MAGAZINE

2026-02-09T13:44:03+03:00

The 1970s represent a decisive period of economic and social transformation in recent Turkish history. This study aims to determine the role of the Hotel, Restaurant, and Entertainment Venue Workers' Union (OLEYİS) within social democratic unionism and to evaluate the ideological impact of its publication, Çalışan Adam magazine, during this era. To this end, a categorical content analysis based on historical context was conducted. The magazine's significance and widespread influence are highlighted by the fact that it was named by Bülent Ecevit and featured prominent figures from the 1970s intellectual and publishing world, including Faruk Erginsoy, İlhan Selçuk, Mehmed Kemal, Anıl Çeçen, and Turhan Selçuk. Due to the absence of a complete collection in Turkish libraries and archives, this research also fulfills the mission of preserving and bringing to light a forgotten chapter of labor history. The content analysis demonstrates that, in 1970s Turkiye, unionism was not merely a struggle for economic rights but also possessed an intellectual dimension aimed at raising political awareness. Çalışan Adam targeted not only workers but also youth and intellectuals, helping to clarify the concepts of "social democracy" and "democratic left". Within the Cold War environment, social democracy was defined as a pro-labor development model and a rational "third way". These theoretical frameworks exhibit strong parallels with Ecevit's contemporary writings and the arguments found in Republican People's Party (CHP) publications. An analysis of OLEYİS's historical trajectory between 1947 and 2010 suggests that the union adopted a pragmatic approach, adapting to prevailing trends and establishing a robust institutional identity and ideological vision through its publishing activities.

Keywords: Çalışan Adam Magazine, OLEYİS, Social Democracy, Democratic Left, Content Analysis

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND PUBLIC RELATIONS IN THE POST-TRUTH ERA: ALGORITHMIC PERSUASION, ETHICS, AND PROFESSIONAL TRANSFORMATION

2026-02-04T10:37:01+03:00

This study investigates the attitudes of vocational high school students studying accounting towards accounting courses. First, a literature review was conducted, followed by an analysis of data obtained through surveys. Analyses were also performed to determine whether there were differences between students' demographic characteristics and their attitudes towards accounting courses. The findings from these analyses were compared with those of similar studies in the literature, and similarities and differences were interpreted. In this context, it is believed that this study will be beneficial to educators, policymakers, professionals, and researchers.

ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POPULATION, WATER AND NUTRITION IN THE WORLD

2026-02-05T16:38:18+03:00

This study analyzes the multidimensional relationship between population growth, water resources, and nutrition on a global scale. In the 21st century, the rapid increase in world population has placed severe pressure on water and food systems, turning into a fundamental threat to sustainable development when combined with climate change, urbanization, and economic inequalities. The analysis integrates theoretical frameworks such as the Malthusian, Neo-Malthusian, Boserup, and Hydraulic Society perspectives, along with the “Water–Food–Population Nexus” approach. Findings reveal that water is not only a natural but also an economic and political resource; as population grows, crises in food security and water management intensify. As of 2024, with the world population exceeding 8 billion, per capita renewable freshwater availability has declined by about 60% compared to the 1950s. Since approximately 70% of global water withdrawals are used in agriculture, food security depends heavily on water governance. The study emphasizes that technological innovations (drip irrigation, smart farming), efficient water use, and integrated resource management policies are vital for sustainability. Ultimately, the population–water–nutrition relationship demands a holistic management approach encompassing ecological, economic, and social dimensions.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PRACTICES IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABILITY: THE CASE OF THE TURKISH EMPLOYMENT AGENCY

2026-01-29T13:40:34+03:00

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to examine the corporate governance and corporate social responsibility practices of central and provincial public institutions in Türkiye in the context of sustainability, draw conclusions, and make recommendations.

Methodology: The research seeks to answer the question: To what extent are corporate governance and corporate social responsibility implemented in public institutions in Türkiye? To answer the research question, secondary data were used in the research. Purposeful sampling was adopted, and the Türkiye Employment Agency (İŞKUR) was selected as the sample. The research data was collected using the document review method. Research data was obtained from written and visual documents such as the İŞKUR website, legislation, activity reports, journals, newsletters, etc. Research data was summarized, interpreted and reported according to predetermined themes using an evaluative case study design with documentary evidence and a descriptive analysis approach.

Findings: In the study, corporate governance and principles, as well as corporate social responsibility practices, were evaluated on a scale of 100 points. According to this, İŞKUR's corporate governance structure is at a good level. In the evaluation based on corporate governance principles, the practices are close to a good level. In the evaluation based on corporate social responsibility dimensions, it was determined that the practices are close to an average level. According to the findings, there are areas that need improvement.

Originality: This research is unique in that it examines corporate governance and principles, applications related to corporate social responsibility dimensions, and provides evidence from Türkiye.

SELJUK PERIOD INTERIOR ARCHITECTURAL STYLE: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CARAVANSERAIS IN ANATOLIA

2026-02-18T13:46:03+03:00

Caravanserais are structures built by the Anatolian Seljuk State to meet the accommodation and security needs of merchants traveling along trade routes. These buildings have conveyed valuable information about the advanced architectural and artistic understanding of their period to the present day. However, many caravanserais suffered damage over time due to various reasons and have undergone restoration in order to survive. This study systematically examines the current conditions of caravanserais from an interior architectural perspective. Although caravanserais have been addressed in the literature by different disciplines, they have not been comprehensively analyzed in terms of interior architecture. Therefore, the study aims to emphasize their interior architectural significance, comparatively examine examples with mixed and closed plan types, and contribute to the transmission of their artistic and spatial characteristics to future generations. The research seeks to identify both common and distinctive features of caravanserais regarding spatial organization, architectural style, construction techniques, and decorative elements. The study framework was developed using information obtained from various written sources. Selected structures were analyzed through a qualitative case study method. In this process, the spatial organization, architectural style, construction techniques, and decorative characteristics of the examples were documented through on-site observations and photographic records, followed by comparative analysis. The comparison of four caravanserais revealed that, in addition to shared architectural and interior architectural characteristics, each structure also exhibits unique spatial stylistic differences. As demonstrated by the Sarıhan example, the active use of these buildings supports the preservation and transmission of their spatial character to future generations.

ON SOME ARCHAIC WORDS FOUND IN THE LANGUAGES OF KAZAKH BARDS AND POETS

2025-11-27T17:28:06+03:00

This study examines the morphological features and historical origins of obsolete words found in the works of Kazakh poets and bards. It has been observed that many words from Old and Middle Turkic are no longer used in the modern Kazakh literary language, yet they have survived in proverbs, epics, and poems. In this respect, folk literature serves as an important source for preserving archaic vocabulary. The research analyzes these words through a comparative approach, referencing both historical Turkic dialects (Old Uyghur, Khwarezm, Kipchak, Chagatai, Old Anatolian Turkish, etc.) and modern Turkic languages. The comparative analyses shed light on the historical development of the Kazakh language and demonstrate the continuity within its lexicon. The findings indicate that some forgotten words continue to exist within idioms and proverbs, and their morphological structures have been preserved in connection with earlier linguistic stages.

USING OTTOMAN CHRONICLERS’ WORKS OUTSIDE ACADEMIA: THE CASE OF ENVERÎ’S TARİH

2026-02-09T15:11:16+03:00

In this study, vakayinüvis (official Ottoman court historian) works-one of the principal sources of Ottoman historiography-are examined from a perspective that aims to expand their use in the national education curriculum beyond academia. The potential of these works to foster historical thinking skills is analyzed through Sadullah Enverî’s Tarih. The focus of the research is on the council (meclis) records that appear throughout all three volumes of Enverî Tarihi and were predominantly convened during wartime. Conducted within a qualitative research framework, the study employs document analysis; the data obtained are evaluated using content and thematic analysis techniques. The analyses demonstrate that, owing to the plain language of the council meetings, the dialogical presentation of discussions, and the detailed reflection of decision-making processes, these records offer rich content that supports historical thinking skills such as chronological reasoning, cause–effect analysis, developing multiple perspectives, empathy, and the use of evidence. These features render the texts distinctive examples suitable for use in history teaching. In conclusion, the study shows that vakayinüvis works are not merely narratives conveying historical events; rather, they can be considered functional resources capable of contributing to the development of historical thinking skills in modern history education outside academia. In this respect, the research aims to contribute to linking classical Ottoman historical texts with contemporary history teaching and to fostering a sustainable historical consciousness between past and present.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND PUBLIC RELATIONS IN THE POST-TRUTH ERA: ALGORITHMIC PERSUASION, ETHICS, AND PROFESSIONAL TRANSFORMATION

2026-02-25T16:07:12+03:00

In the post-truth era, the discipline of public relations has been undergoing a profound transformation driven not only by digitalization but also by the growing influence of artificial intelligence (AI)–based algorithmic systems. Automated content generation, data-driven targeting, sentiment analysis, and mechanisms of algorithmic visibility have fundamentally restructured persuasion processes within public relations practices. This study examines the relationship between artificial intelligence and public relations within the context of post-truth from a theoretical and critical perspective, and discusses the ethical, epistemological, and professional implications of algorithmic persuasion practices. The article argues that artificial intelligence in public relations is no longer merely a technical tool that enhances efficiency, but has increasingly become a structural actor that generates new risks and responsibilities with regard to truth, trust, and public accountability.