ORGANIZATION OF TURKISH WOMEN IN THE WAR OF INDEPENDENCE: ANATOLIAN WOMEN'S MUDAFAA-I VATAN CEMIYETI

ANADOLU KADINLARI MÜDAFAA-İ VATAN CEMİYETİ


Abstract views: 300 / PDF downloads: 112

Authors

  • Ayşe ERKMEN Gaziantep Üniversitesi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8344725%20

Keywords:

War of Independence, Women, Society, Activity, Telegram

Abstract

The aim of the study is to draw attention to the power of Turkish women and the value they give to their homeland by revealing the activities carried out by the "Anatolian Women's Mudafaa-i Vatan Cemiyeti ". When the Ottoman Empire was defeated in the First World War, it was forced to sign Mondros Armistice Agreement with the Allied Powers. The armistice in question contained heavy provisions. For this reason, the Entente States started to occupy Anatolia immediately after the signing of the Treaty. In the face of the occupations, the Turkish people first started a regional and then a total independence movement. In this process, Turkish women participated in the struggle not only behind at the front facade lines but also on the front lines. Turkish women, who took part in the production of ammunition and in meeting the food and clothing needs of the army, also contributed to the process by organizing rallies behind the front lines to attract public attention. In this context, the Sivas-based "Anatolian Women's Mudafaa-i Vatan Society" was founded in November 1919 by Ms. Melek Reşit, the wife of the then Governor of Sivas, and her friends. The founding purpose of the society was to resist the unjust occupation of Anatolia and the society opened branches in various cities in Anatolia. According to the Society's statute, the board of directors would consist of 16 members and its members would be elected by secret ballot by the congress. It was also stated that the also Society would convene every 15 days.  While carrying out its activities, the Association was in contact first with the Representation Committee and then with the Ankara Government. The Society organized protest rallies against the occupation of Anatolia and the Istanbul Government's approach to the occupation, as well as initiatives to encourage people to leave Istanbul for Anatolia for the War of Independence. He also launched campaigns to meet the needs of the army. It is safe to say that the society in question carried out activities during the War of Independence that showed the Turkish women's side to be proud of. The activities carried out by this society are important in terms of showing that Turkish women participated in the War of Independence with determination and determination.

References

Afetinan (1972). Anadolu Kadınları Müdafaa-İ Vatan Cemiyeti, Büyük Zaferin 50. Yıldönümüne Armağan, Milli Eğitim Basımevi, İstanbul,

Afetinan (1982). Tarih Boyunca Türk Kadınının Hak ve Görevleri, 4. Baskı, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Yayınları, İstanbul.

Baykal, Bekir Sıtkı (1996). Millî Mücadele’de Anadolu Kadınları Müdafaa-i Vatan Cemiyeti. Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Dergisi, Ankara.

Baykal, Bekir Sıtkı (1984). Millî Mücadele’de Anadolu Kadınları Müdafaa-i Vatan Cemiyeti. Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Dergisi, 1(1), 108-126.

Dinçer, Hasan ve Aysal, Necdet (2012). “Ulusal Bağımsızlık Savaşı’nın Örgütlenme Aşamasında Melek Reşit Hanım ve Faaliyetleri”, ÇTTAD, Cilt 12 (24): Ankara.

Enginün, İnci; Cumbur, Müjgan ve Özdemir, Cahide (1983). Milli Mücadele’de Türk Kadını, Ankara: Cumhuriyet’in 60. Yıldönümü Yayınları.

İslam, Aynur (2021). Milli Mücadelede Kadın Kahramanlarımız (1919-1922), (Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Bingöl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü/ Türkiye.

Kaplan, Leyla (1998). Cemiyetlerde ve Siyasi Teşkilatlarda Türk Kadını (1908-1960), Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Yayınları, Ankara.

Kurnaz, Şefika (1992). Cumhuriyet Öncesi’nde Türk Kadını (1839-1923). Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Yayınları, İstanbul.

Mısıroğlu, Aynur (1976). Kuvayi Milliyenin Kadın Kahramanları, Sebil Yayınevi, İstanbul.

Özcüler, Özlem. (2002). Milli Mücadele Yıllarında ve Cumhuriyet’in İlk On Yılında Türk Kadınının Toplum İçindeki Konumu ve Örgütlenişi, (Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Türkiye.

Özdemir, Nuray, (2011), “Milli Mücadelede Kadın Desteği: Bolu Müdafaa-ı Vatan Gazi Kadınlar Cemiyeti”, Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Cilt: 2 (23): 49-63.

Peker, Nurettin (1955). İstiklal Savaşının Vesika ve Resimleri (1918- 1923) İnebolu ve Kastamonu Havalisi Deniz ve Kara Harekatı ve Hatıraları, İstanbul.

Sarıçoban, Gülay (2017) Milli Mücadele’de Anadolu Kadını Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 21(4):1331-1346.

Sezer Arığ, Ayten Anadolu Kadınları Müdafaa-i Vatan Cemiyet: https://ataturkansiklopedisi.gov.tr/bilgi/anadolu-kadinlari-mudafaa-i-vatan-cemiyeti/ (Erişim tarihi: 31/07/2023).

Toksoy, Nurcan. Anadolu ve Rumeli Müdafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyeti: https://ataturkansiklopedisi.gov.tr/bilgi/anadolu-ve-rumeli-mudafaa-i-hukuk-cemiyeti/(Erişim tarihi: 31/07/2023).

Uğurluay, Burak Can, (2019). Milli Mücadele’de Türk Kadını Ve Çukurovalı Kadınlar (Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Tarih Anabilim Dalı Türkiye.

Uslu, Merve (2019). Müdafaa-İ Hukuk Cemiyeti Işığında Millî Mücadele Dönemi’nde Türk Halkı (Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Türkiye.

Published

2023-09-14

How to Cite

ERKMEN, A. (2023). ORGANIZATION OF TURKISH WOMEN IN THE WAR OF INDEPENDENCE: ANATOLIAN WOMEN’S MUDAFAA-I VATAN CEMIYETI : ANADOLU KADINLARI MÜDAFAA-İ VATAN CEMİYETİ. NEW ERA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY SOCIAL RESEARCHES, 8(20), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8344725

Issue

Section

Articles